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Compare Norfolk Island (2005) - Yemen (2001)
Compare Norfolk Island (2005) z Yemen (2001)
| Norfolk Island (2005) | Yemen (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | 17 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Abyan, 'Adan, Al Bayda', Al Hudaydah, Al Jawf, Al Mahrah, Al Mahwit, 'Ataq, Dhamar, Hadhramawt, Hajjah, Ibb, Lahij, Ma'rib, Sa'dah, San'a', Ta'izz
note: there may be three more governorates: Al Daleh, Shabwah, and the capital city of Sana'a |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 20.2%
15-64 years: 63.9% 65 years and over: 15.9% (2005 est.) |
0-14 years:
47.21% (male 4,340,436; female 4,195,076) 15-64 years: 49.79% (male 4,598,301; female 4,402,402) 65 years and over: 3% (male 274,202; female 267,618) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry | grain, fruits, vegetables, pulses, qat (mildly narcotic shrub), coffee, cotton; dairy products, livestock (sheep, goats, cattle, camels), poultry; fish |
| Airports | 1 (2004 est.) | 50 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
total:
13 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 8 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total:
37 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 9 1,524 to 2,437 m: 8 914 to 1,523 m: 13 under 914 m: 5 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total: 34.6 sq km
land: 34.6 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
527,970 sq km land: 527,970 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Perim, Socotra, the former Yemen Arab Republic (YAR or North Yemen), and the former People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY or South Yemen) |
| Area - comparative | about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly larger than twice the size of Wyoming |
| Background | Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. | North Yemen became independent of the Ottoman Empire in 1918. The British, who had set up a protectorate area around the southern port of Aden in the 19th century, withdrew in 1967 from what became South Yemen. Three years later, the southern government adopted a Marxist orientation. The massive exodus of hundreds of thousands of Yemenis from the south to the north contributed to two decades of hostility between the states. The two countries were formally unified as the Republic of Yemen in 1990. A southern secessionist movement in 1994 was quickly subdued. In 2000, Saudi Arabia and Yemen agreed to a delimitation of their border. |
| Birth rate | NA | 43.36 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $20 million
expenditures: $20 million, including capital expenditures of $2 million (FY99/00) |
revenues:
$3 billion expenditures: $3.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.) |
| Capital | Kingston | Sanaa |
| Climate | subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation | mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east |
| Coastline | 32 km | 1,906 km |
| Constitution | Norfolk Island Act of 1979 | 16 May 1991; amended 29 September 1994 and February 2001 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island
conventional short form: Norfolk Island |
conventional long form:
Republic of Yemen conventional short form: Yemen local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Yamaniyah local short form: Al Yaman |
| Currency | - | Yemeni rial (YER) |
| Death rate | NA | 9.58 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | NA | $4.4 billion (2000) |
| Dependency status | territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | chief of mission:
Ambassador Barbara K. BODINE embassy: Dhahar Himyar Zone, Sheraton Hotel District, Sanaa mailing address: P. O. Box 22347, Sanaa telephone: [967] (1) 303-161 FAX: [967] (1) 303-182 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | chief of mission:
Ambassador Abd al-Wahhab Abdallah al-HAJRI chancery: Suite 705, 2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037 telephone: [1] (202) 965-4760 FAX: [1] (202) 337-2017 |
| Disputes - international | none | a June 2000 treaty delimited the boundary with Saudi Arabia, but final demarcation requires adjustments based on tribal considerations |
| Economic aid - recipient | NA | $176.1 million (1995) |
| Economy - overview | Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. | Yemen, one of the poorest countries in the Arab world, reported strong growth in the mid-1990s with the onset of oil production, but was harmed by low oil prices in 1998. Yemen has embarked on an IMF-supported structural adjustment program designed to modernize and streamline the economy, which has led to foreign debt relief and restructuring. Aided by higher oil prices in 1999-2000, Yemen worked to maintain tight control over spending and implement additional components of the IMF program. A high population growth rate of nearly 3.4% and internal political dissension complicate the government's task. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 2.232 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 2.4 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Bates 319 m |
lowest point:
Arabian Sea 0 m highest point: Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb 3,760 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | very limited natural fresh water resources; inadequate supplies of potable water; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Nuclear Test Ban |
| Ethnic groups | descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians | predominantly Arab; but also Afro-Arab, South Asians, Europeans |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000) | Yemeni rials per US dollar - 164.590 (October 2000), 160.683 (2000), 155.718 (1999), 135.882 (1998), 129.281 (1997), 94.157 (1996) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)
head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 20 Ocotber 2004 (next to be held by December 2007) election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - 17.2% |
chief of state:
President Field Marshall Ali Abdallah SALIH (since 22 May 1990, the former president of North Yemen, assumed office upon the merger of North and South Yemen); Vice President Maj. Gen. Abd al-Rab Mansur al-HADI (since 3 October 1994) head of government: Prime Minister Abd al-Qadir BA JAMAL (since 4 April 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister elections: president elected by direct, popular vote for a five-year term (a new constitution amendment extends the term by two years to a seven-year term); election last held 23 September 1999 (next to be held NA 2006); vice president appointed by the president; prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president election results: Ali Abdallah SALIH elected president; percent of vote: Ali Abdallah SALIH 96.3%, Najeeb Qahtan AL-SHAABI 3.7% |
| Exports | $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY99/00) | $4.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados | crude oil, coffee, dried and salted fish |
| Exports - partners | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe | Thailand 34%, China 26%, South Korea 14%, Japan 3% (1999) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | calendar year |
| Flag description | three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band | three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black; similar to the flag of Syria which has two green stars and of Iraq which has three green stars (plus an Arabic inscription) in a horizontal line centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Egypt which has a heraldic eagle centered in the white band |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $14.4 billion (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
agriculture:
20% industry: 42% services: 38% (1998) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - NA | purchasing power parity - $820 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA | 6% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 29 02 S, 167 57 E | 15 00 N, 48 00 E |
| Geography - note | most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated | strategic location on Bab el Mandeb, the strait linking the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, one of world's most active shipping lanes |
| Highways | total: 80 km
paved: 53 km unpaved: 27 km (2001) |
total:
69,263 km paved: 9,963 km unpaved: 59,300 km (1999) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
lowest 10%:
2.3% highest 10%: 30.8% (1992) |
| Imports | $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) | $2.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | NA | food and live animals, machinery and equipment |
| Imports - partners | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe | Saudi Arabia 10%, UAE 8%, US 7%, France 7%, Italy 6% (1999) |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | 22 May 1990, Republic of Yemen was established with the merger of the Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen] and the Marxist-dominated People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]; previously North Yemen had become independent on NA November 1918 (from the Ottoman Empire) and South Yemen had become independent on 30 November 1967 (from the UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA | NA% |
| Industries | tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete | crude oil production and petroleum refining; small-scale production of cotton textiles and leather goods; food processing; handicrafts; small aluminum products factory; cement |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
68.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA | 10% (2000 est.) |
| International organization participation | UPU | ACC, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA | 5,674 sq km (1999) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions | Supreme Court |
| Labor force | 1,345 | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | tourism 90%, subsistence agriculture 10% | most people are employed in agriculture and herding; services, construction, industry, and commerce account for less than one-fourth of the labor force |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total:
1,746 km border countries: Oman 288 km, Saudi Arabia 1,458 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) |
arable land:
3% permanent crops: 13% permanent pastures: 33.5% forests and woodland: 4% other: 46.5% (1999) |
| Languages | English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian | Arabic |
| Legal system | based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law | based on Islamic law, Turkish law, English common law, and local tribal customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties) |
a new constitutional amendment ratified on 20 February 2001 created a bicameral legislature consisting of a Shura Council (111 seats; members appointed by the president) and a House of Representatives (301 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: last held 27 April 1997 (next to be held 27 April 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - GPC 189, Islah 52, Nasserite Unionist Party 3, National Arab Socialist Baath Party 2, independents 54, election pending 1; latest seats by party: GPC 223, Islah 64, Nasserite Unionist Party 3, National Arab Socialist Baath Party 2, YSP 2, independents 7 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
total population:
60.21 years male: 58.45 years female: 62.05 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | NA | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 38% male: 53% female: 26% (1990 est.) |
| Location | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia | Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia |
| Map references | Oceania | Middle East |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
contiguous zone:
24 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | total:
4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 15,075 GRT/23,562 DWT ships by type: cargo 1, petroleum tanker 3 (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia | - |
| Military branches | - | Army, Navy, Coast Guard, Air Force, Air Defense Forces, Presidential Guards, paramilitary (includes Police) |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $414 million (FY99) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 7.6% (FY99) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49:
4,103,093 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49:
2,303,257 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - military age | - | 14 years of age |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | - | males:
238,690 (2001 est.) |
| National holiday | Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856) | Unification Day, 22 May (1990) |
| Nationality | noun: Norfolk Islander(s)
adjective: Norfolk Islander(s) |
noun:
Yemeni(s) adjective: Yemeni |
| Natural hazards | typhoons (especially May to July) | sandstorms and dust storms in summer |
| Natural resources | fish | petroleum, fish, rock salt, marble, small deposits of coal, gold, lead, nickel, and copper, fertile soil in west |
| Net migration rate | NA | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Pipelines | - | crude oil 644 km; petroleum products 32 km |
| Political parties and leaders | none | there are over 12 political parties active in Yemen, some of the more prominent are: General People's Congress or GPC [President Ali Abdallah SALIH]; Islamic Reform Grouping or Islah [Shaykh Abdallah bin Husayn al-AHMAR]; National Arab Socialist Baath Party [Dr. Qassim SALAAM]; Nasserite Unionist Party [Abdel Malik al-MAKHLAFI]; Yemeni Socialist Party or YSP [Ali Salih MUQBIL]
note: President SALIH's General People's Congress or GPC won a landslide victory in the April 1997 legislative election and no longer governs in coalition with Shaykh Abdallah bin Husayn al-AHMAR's Islamic Reform Grouping or Islah - the two parties had been in coalition since the end of the civil war in 1994; the YSP, a loyal opposition party, boycotted the April 1997 legislative election, but announced that it would participate in Yemen's first local elections to be held in February 2001; these local elections aim to decentralize political power and are a key element of the government's political reform program |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 1,828 (July 2005 est.) | 18,078,035 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA | 19% (1992 est.) |
| Population growth rate | -0.01% (2005 est.) | 3.38% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade | Aden, Al Hudaydah, Al Mukalla, As Salif, Mocha, Nishtun |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005) | AM 6, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 1.05 million (1997) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.3%, none 18.1% (2001 census) | Muslim including Shaf'i (Sunni) and Zaydi (Shi'a), small numbers of Jewish, Christian, and Hindu |
| Sex ratio | NA | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: adequate
domestic: free local calls international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite earth station |
general assessment:
since unification in 1990, efforts have been made to create a national telecommunications network domestic: the national network consists of microwave radio relay, cable, tropospheric scatter, and GSM cellular mobile telephone systems international: satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region), and 2 Arabsat; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and Djibouti |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) | 291,359 (1999) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002) | 32,042 (2000) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (2005) | 7 (plus several low-power repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains | narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains; dissected upland desert plains in center slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula |
| Total fertility rate | NA | 6.97 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 0% | 30% (1995 est.) |
| Waterways | - | none |
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